Общее положение горизонтально-направленного бурения

1. Introduction of horizontal directional drilling

The horizontal directional drilling is without excavation surface conditions, прокладка различных подземных коммуникаций (Трубы, Кабели, Др.) вида строительной техники, широко используется в водоснабжении, Электричество, электросвязь, газ, газ, строительство нефтяных и других трубопроводов, подходит для песка, Глины, галька и другие декуанги, most of the hard rock areas in China can be construction.Working environment temperature is 15 ℃ ~ + 45 ℃.Horizontal directional drilling technology of directional drilling technology to the oil industry and the traditional method of pipeline construction together a new construction technology, it has the construction speed, high precision, low cost advantages, is widely used in water supply, газ, Электричество, электросвязь, natural gas and oil pipeline construction project.Horizontal directional drilling equipment, in more than ten years also obtained the rapid development, has become the developed country in the emerging industry.At present, its development trend is developing towards the features of large and small size, suitable for hard rock operation, self-supporting anchoring system, automatic stacking and extraction of drill pipe, automatic lubrication of drill pipe connection, electric shock prevention system and other automatic operation functions, ultra-depth guidance and monitoring, and wide application range.This kind of equipment is generally suitable for pipe diameter of 300~ 1200mm steel pipe, Полиэтиленовая труба, the maximum laying length of up to 1500m, suitable for soft soil to hard rock a variety of soil conditions, broad application prospects.

2. Features of горизонтально-направленное бурение

1) directional drilling through construction will not obstruct the traffic, не повредит зеленые насаждения, растительность, не повлияет на нормальную жизнь и порядок работы магазинов, Больницы, школ и жителей, solve the traditional excavation construction interference to the life of residents, to the traffic, окружающая среда, the foundation of the surrounding buildings damage and adverse impact.

2) the crossing precision of modern crossing equipment is high, and it is easy to adjust the laying direction and burial depth. The arc laying distance of pipeline is long, which can fully meet the design requirements of burial depth and enable the pipeline to bypass the underground obstacles.

3) the buried depth of urban pipe network is generally less than 3 метров. При переправе через реку, глубина погребенность, как правило, 9-18 meters below the riverbed. Поэтому, horizontal directional drilling machine is adopted for crossing, которая не оказывает влияния на окружающую среду, does not damage the landform and environment, and meets the requirements of environmental protection.

4) when using horizontal directional drilling machine to cross the construction, нет водной или подводной работы, что не влияет на судоходство по реке, does not damage the dam and riverbed structure on both sides of the river, and the construction is not subject to seasonal restrictions. Обладает характеристиками короткого периода строительства, мало персонала, высокий показатель успешности, safe and reliable construction, и т.д..

5) compared with other construction methods, скорость входа и выхода с сайта быстрая, and the construction site can be adjusted flexibly, especially in urban construction can fully show its advantages, and the construction covers less land, стоимость проекта низкая, и скорость строительства быстрая.

6) when crossing a large river, as the pipeline is buried 9-18 meters below the ground, there is little oxygen and other corrosive substances in the ground, поэтому он играет роль естественного антикоррозионного и теплосохранения, and can ensure longer operation time of the pipeline.

3. Introduction of horizontal directional drilling system

All kinds of horizontal directional drilling RIGS are composed of drilling system, Система питания, directional control system, грязевая система, Буровой инструмент и вспомогательный инструмент. Their structures and functions are described as follows:

1) drilling system: it is the main body of drilling operation and backhaul operation through equipment. It is composed of the main machine of drilling machine and rotary table. The main machine of drilling machine is placed on the rig rack to complete drilling operation and backhaul operation.The rotary table is installed at the front end of the main engine of the drilling machine, соединен с бурильной трубой, and the requirements of different operating states can be achieved by changing the steering direction of the rotary table and the output speed and torque.

2) Система питания: the power source is composed of a hydraulic power source and a generator, which provides high-pressure hydraulic oil for the drilling rig system as the power of the drilling rig. The generator provides power for the supporting electrical equipment and lighting on the construction site.

3) directional control system: the directional control system is a directional tool that guides the drill bit to drill correctly by monitoring and controlling the specific position and other parameters of the drill bit in the underground by computer. Because of the control of this system, the drill bit can drill according to the designed curve.

4) грязевая система: the mud system is composed of a mud mixing tank, a mud pump and a mud pipeline to provide the drilling system with mud suitable for drilling conditions.

5) Буровой инструмент и вспомогательный инструмент: they are all kinds of tools used in drilling and reaming.Drilling tools are mainly suitable for all kinds of geological drill pipe, сверло, Грязевые двигателя, развёртка, cutter and other tools.Auxiliary tools include clamps, swivel joints and tractor heads of various diameters.